What are the Airgun Laws in the UK?

The regulations governing airguns in the United Kingdom are designed to ensure public safety while allowing enthusiasts to enjoy their sport.

Definition and Classification of Airguns

In the UK, airguns are categorized based on their power and mechanism of operation. Airguns include air rifles, air pistols, and similar devices that discharge pellets or BBs using compressed air or gas rather than gunpowder.

Power Limits

Airguns are classified according to their muzzle energy:

• Air Rifles: Must not exceed 12 ft-lbs (foot-pounds), or 18 joules of muzzle energy.
• Air Pistols: Must not exceed 6 ft-lbs, or 9 joules of muzzle energy.

Exceeding these power limits classifies the airgun as a firearm, subjecting it to stringent licensing requirements under the Firearms Act 1968.

Ownership and Possession

Age Restrictions

• Under 14 Years: Cannot own, purchase, or possess an airgun or ammunition. They may use an airgun under adult supervision on private property.
• 14 to 17 Years: May possess and use an airgun but cannot purchase one or its ammunition. Use must be supervised or occur on private property with permission.
• 18 Years and Over: Can own, purchase, and possess an airgun and its ammunition without supervision.

Storage and Security

Home Storage

Airguns should be stored securely to prevent unauthorized access, especially by minors. Security measures may include locked cabinets or gun safes.

Transporting Airguns

When transporting an airgun, it must be unloaded and stored in a secure case. This prevents unauthorized use and ensures compliance with the law during transit.

Usage and Permissions

Private Property

Airgun use on private property requires the landowner’s permission. Shooting must be conducted safely, away from public view and without causing alarm.

Public Spaces

Discharging an airgun in public places, including parks and streets, is illegal and can lead to severe penalties. Responsible use is confined to private property with explicit permission.

Color requirements:

• Airsoft guns must be brightly colored, with at least 51% of the gun in a vivid tone, to distinguish them from real firearms.

Hunting and Vermin Control

Legal Quarry

Certain species, such as rabbits and pigeons, may be legally hunted with airguns. Hunters must ensure they are familiar with the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, which outlines protected species and hunting regulations.

Ethical Considerations

Hunters must adhere to ethical guidelines, ensuring clean, humane kills. Proficiency in marksmanship and understanding of quarry behavior are essential.

For further information, please refer to our article Essential Guide to Air Guns in the UK: 15 Critical Things To Know.